Variations of Autosomal Short Tandem Repeats & Amelogenin Loci

“DNA is useful to identify an individuals.The overwhelming majority of the human genome is identical across all individuals, but with variation ; short tandem repeat (STR), can be easily measured and compared between different individuals . STR loci are the most informative PCR-based genetic markers for attempting to individualize biological material. And STRs are used as markers of choice in most forensic, paternity testing and individual identification studies. Allele frequency population databases are critical for the accurate use of short tandem repeat (STR) human DNA identification markers in forensics because they provide the basis for calculating a random match probability between DNA samples . In Iraq ,we do not have such database, so, the study was carried out for Iraqi populations using autosomal STR loci:D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1P0, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317,D16S539, D2S1338,D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51,D5S818, FGA and Amelogenin ,were used for the three main ethnic groups : Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen. It has been found that these markers are valid for the Iraqi STR allele frequency by showing the distribution of alleles and genotypes adherence to (Hardy-Weinberg Equilibri